Learn WML in minutes (4)

Formatting text

Formatting text is mostly similar to HTML: 

<em>This text is emulated</em>

<strong>strong text</strong>

<i>italic text</i>

<b>bold text</b>

<u>underlined text</u>

<big>big text</big>

<small>small text</small>

Tables

Tables are also very similar to HTML-tables:

<table title="a table" columns="2">

<tr><td>one</td><td>two</td></tr>

<tr><td>three</td><td>four</td></tr>

</table>

The tables title is given with the option of the same name. The number of columns is given by the option of the name columns.  . 

New lines can be put in with <tr> and you end the line with </tr>. (This is not supported by any mobile phone as of right now. )

Paragraphs

New paragraphs are easily created with the p-element: 

<p mode="wrap" align="center>

The new paragraph

</p>

The mode-attribute (with the options „wrap“ or „nowrap“) is responsible for the distribution of especially long words. This means whether one of these words are being put on one or two lines. 

Alignment

With <align> you can set the alingment of a line or paragraph. The options here are "left", "right" or "center".

The br-element.

<br/> creates a new line.

Pictures

Pictures for WML only have the depth of one bit and they are in the new    WBMP-format. Check out this example:

<img src="MichaelJordan.wbmp" alt="Michael Jordan in Barcelona 92.">

src is the address of the image.

Alt is the alternative text. This text is not optional, but you can just leave one space instead of any words. 

Get a free program to convert any pictures at www.ccwap.com . 

WMLScript

The first two lines of a WMLscript 
A link to the internet

Internal link 
Bold text
Emulated text
Tabs
Organization of different cards on one deck.
Card end
Paragraphs
Italic text
Integrate images
Meta-tags
Text aligning
End of paragraph
Text size
Mark

Title
Underline text

Beginn and end of the WML-code
Important to know

As the name indicates, WML-script is the mobile counterpart to Javascript. This script language makes for a better interaction of the user and the WML-environment. 

There are many possibilities for the use of WMLscript such as small applications, the displaying of pop-up boxes and much more. 

The first two lines of a WMLscript file

The first line of any WMLscript file must be the definition of the XML-compatibility: 

<?xml version="1.0"?>

This will make it possible in the future that WML can be displayed by any XML-browser. 

<!-This comment explains what happens next  --> Z.B.: <!—Here begins card 2-->.

<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml">

This line must follow as the second line, because WML-developers need to know, what the possibilities are of the present WML-version on this file. 

The description (the address is in the example above) can be reached with a regular PC and internet browser.  (Note: Not fully supported yet ).

Link to the internet

<a href="http://www.checkcom.com/index.htm">Text</a> This is a link to a page on the internet: This tag must be enclosed with   <p> and </p>.

Internal link

<a href="#Cardname">Any text</a> - An internal link is marked with  #. Within the deck this is a link to a different card. More about that later in this text

Bold text

<b>This text is bold</b> This function is not supported universally.

Big text

<big>This text is big </big>. This function is also not supported by all browsers.

Tabs

<br/> This tab is not to be confused with the <br> from HTML ! If you want a longer tab you can put another<br/>  beside or below the first one.

Organization of different cards within a deck. 

<card id="Card23"> Since every card needs an individual name, you can give all the cards a name with this function. A deck has one or more cards, and therefore the cards need to have a name, which is as precise and descriptive as possible but still less than 9 letters. 

Card end

</card> This function ends a card. Afterwares follows either a new card  <card> or the WML-code ends with </wml>.

Paragraph

<em> This emulates the paragraph </em> This function is also now supported by some browsers or machines.

Italic text

<i> This text is italic. </i> This is also not supported with all browsers.

Intergrate images

<img src="imageCCWAP.wbmp" alt="ccWAP"/> This is how you can intergrate any WBMP-picture into the text. Note that you have to give the picture a name, or the WAP-browser will display an error message.

You can just write a space into the alt-description, if you’d like. 

Meta-tags

<meta name="..." content="..."/> The meta-tags are identical to the HTML meta-tags. 

Text alignment

<p align="left"> This stands at the beginning of a paragraph and can be  „left“,  „right“ or „center“. 

Important: These specifications must stand at the beginning and the end of a paragraph.

End of paragraph

</p> </p> This starts and ends the paragraph.

In case you want to write only one word on a line, you can put  <p>Wort</p>.

Text size

<small> This text is small. </small> This function is not supported globally.

Marking text

<strong> This text is strong </strong> This function is also not supported by all browsers.

Title

<title="Title"> Just like with HTML there is a card or deck title in WML. The card id and the title can also be in parentheses: 

 <card id="Cardname" title="Title">

Underlined text

<u> This text is underlined </u>  Not supported by all browsers.

Begin and end of the WML-code

<wml> begins the code and  </wml> ends it.

Important to know

No XML-browser will display erroneous pages, even if the errors are small. Try to program according to the specifications and “proof-browse” all your cards before publicizing them. 

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